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Purpose : Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles. Studies have shown that oxidative stress is associated with dry eye disease, and drying of the surface of the eye can lead to exposure to oxidative stress and worsen dry eye disease. parthenocissus tricuspidata extract(PT) living on pine has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity as well as antioxidant activity. In this study, We examined the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of PT in non-clinical model of dry eye disease.
Methods : We investigated the anti-oxidative and protective effects of PT on conjunctival epithelial cells(WKD) after inducing oxidative stress with H2O2. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of PT were also analyzed in the mouse model of dry eye disease. The dry eye disease models were induced by subcutaneous injection of 2.5 mg/mL scopolamine hydrobromide 4 times and the animals were then exposed to desiccation stress including an air draft using a fan for 18 hr daily.
Results : PT treatment inhibited H2O2 induced apoptosis and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, PT inhibited the phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway (ERK1/2, JNK, p-38) as compared to the H2O2 induced group. ELISA showed anti-oxidative effects of SOD, CAT and MDA, and decreased IL-6, an inflammatory cytokine. In dry eye mouse model, tear volume and tear film break up time(TBUT) were increased in PT treated group. In addition, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α) were inhibited in corneal and conjunctival tissue.
Conclusion : PT showed anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in dry eye model. In the future, PT can be used to develop drugs for treatment of dry eye disease.
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