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Purpose : To investigate the relationship between co-morbidities and risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) development in Hong Kong
Methods : Medical records of all premature infants who received ROP screening in a tertiary hospital in Hong Kong between 2014 and 2017 were reviewed. Data on their gestational age at birth (GA), birth weight (BW), presence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were recorded. The primary outcome measure was the relationship between co-morbidities and risk of ROP and severe ROP development. Severe ROP was defined as those requiring treatment.
Results : A total of 321 infants received ROP screening, 75 of them (23.4%) developed any stage of ROP and 11 infants (3.4%) developed severe ROP.
Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that only GA and BW were significantly associated with risk of ROP development (odd ratios = 0.930 and 0.971 respectively, both p-values < 0.001) while NEC, IVH, PDA and RDS were not. For every 1-day decrease of GA, the risk of ROP increased by 7%. For every 10-gram decrease of BW, the risk of ROP increased by 2.9%. Only BW were significantly associated with risk of severe ROP development (odd ratio = 0.919, p-value = 0.041) while GA, NEC, IVH, PDA and RDS were not. For every 10-gram decrease of BW, the risk of severe ROP development increased by 8.1%.
Conclusion : Low GA and low BW were significantly associated with risk of ROP development. In addition, low BW was significantly associated with risk of severe ROP development requiring treatment.
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