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목적 : To determine whether an association actually exists between known relevant factors and keratoconus by analyzing a population-based large cohort database established from the national healthcare claim in South Korea.
방법 : This is a retrospective cohort study using Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort Database from 2002 to 2015 (NHIS-NSC 2002-2015) involving 1,108,369 individuals. We identified keratoconus patients from the NHIS-NSC by using Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD) code H18.6, and then estimated prevalence and annual incidence rates. For the risk factor analysis, 5 controls were matched per 1 keratoconus patient by age and household income. The regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the known relevant factors and keratoconus.
결과 : 613 subjects were identified as keratoconus patients. The prevalence was 55.31 per 100,000 people and the incidence was 4.47 per 100,000 person-years. For the sociodemographic factors, sex and residential area didn’t show significant association with keratoconus. For the medical conditions, people with allergic conjunctivitis had a 37% increased odds (p = .002), whereas, people with allergic rhinitis had a 52% reduced odds (p < .001). Atopy and eczema, asthma, connective tissue disorder, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea and inflammatory bowel disease didn’t show significant association.
결론 : For South Korean, except the ocular allergy and allergic rhinitis, we could not find any correlation between known relevant sociodemographic or medical conditions with keratoconus. Therefore, to determine the risk factors of keratoconus, further studies should be performed in the various ethnic groups.
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