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목적 : We aimed to investigate the neuroinflammatory response and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in chronic hypertensive glaucoma and diabetic rat models
방법 : We used an ocular hypertensive rat model induced by episcleral vein cauterization and a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model to investigate changes in retinal glial cells and RGCs at various time points (1, 4, and 8 weeks). Retinas from each time point were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB) to identify glial cell activation and RGC death.
결과 : Cell death in glaucoma and diabetic retinas was identified by cell counting. We found decreased RGCs in glaucoma and diabetic models. Increased glial cell activation was detected by using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), and glutamine synthetase (GS) IHC in glaucoma and diabetic models. Western blot analysis showed that TNF-α/FASL/TNF-R1 and FADD were upregulated in diabetic rats at 8 weeks, otherwise less expressed in glaucoma rats at 8 weeks.
결론 : Glaucomatous and diabetic microvascular injury trigger retinal glial activation. We show that neuroinflammation in diabetic retina is associated with TNFα pathway, which related to necroptosis. In addition, we assume that neurotrophic factor deprivation induced by glaucomatous injury also trigger neuroinflammatory reaction, which might have detrimental effects on the apoptosis of RGCs.
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