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Purpose : This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the profile of optic disc haemorrhages including causes, presentation and regression pattern with outcome.
Methods : All patients with optic disc haemorrhages who presented at our tertiary care hospital during January 2016 to June 2016 were included. Detailed history taking, ocular and systemic examination, retina examination with specific investigations like fundus fluorescein angiography, visual field examination, gonioscopy etc. were carried. Cause specific medical and/or surgical treatments were given. Patients were called for follow ups at the end of one week, two weeks and six weeks. The results were noted in a stipulated format and analysis was done.
Results : Disc haemorrhages were found in 61 eyes of 59 patients (two bilateral disc haemorrhages). 51% patients had primary open angle glaucoma (including normal tension glaucoma), 3% had ocular hypertension, 18% had associated diabetic retinopathy, and other causes were rare. 54% patient had normal IOP. 73% patients had single disc haemorrhage out of which 24% had it at 7 o’clock temporal position. 18% of single disc haemorrhages were resolved in 2 weeks of treatment 56% resolved at end of 6 weeks of treatments. 75 % of multiple disc haemorrhages were not resolved at the end of 6 weeks of treatment. 83% patients who resolved in 2 weeks belonged to normal tension glaucoma.
Conclusion : From the present study glaucoma was the most common cause of optic disc haemorrhage followed by diabetes. Seven o’clock temporal was most common site of single disc haemorrhage. Most of the patients had normal IOP. More than half of the patients with a single disc haemorrhage resolved within 6 weeks whereas most multiple haemorrhages did not resolve at the end of six weeks with aggressive treatment. Early resolution of haemorrhages was found in patients with normal tension glaucoma.
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